金門國家公園珍貴原生種樹木、花草之育種研究
一、研究緣起
金門地區因數百年來經濟開發，使得植被覆蓋不完整，造成土壤沖蝕嚴重，土地貧瘠，原生植物天然更新不易，原生植群僅見少數管制山區。目前金門地區大力推行綠化工作，但仍沿用相當多種類的台灣常用綠化樹種，似乎不能與本地區原生植群相契合。
二、研究方法及過程
本研究利用金門地區植生普查之資料，透過訪談，依據植物生長型態、習性等特徵，篩選出具綠化價值或稀有花木種類，進行採種及培育方法的研究，以冀將來提供金門地區在繁殖、推廣及稀有植物復育之執行依據。
三、重要發現
根據年度調查的資料來看，目前以五虎山及太武山區仍具有相當良好的岩石植被，其他地區則顯得相當的破碎，河灘及沙灘植群因雷區之阻隔仍相當的完整，但伴隨地雷的清除，沙灘遊憩的利用有逐漸遭受破壞的潛勢。以單一樹種來看，潺槁樹(Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C. B. Rob.)、白背木薑子(Litsea rotundifolia Hemsl. var. oblongifolia (Nees) Allen)、小葉赤楠(Syzygium buxifolium Hook. & Arn.)、沙楠子樹(Celtis biondii Pamp.)等植物天然更新良好；豆梨(Pyrus calleryana Decne.)、繡球繡線菊(Spiraea blumei G. Don)、唐杜鵑(Rhododendron simsii Planch.)等更新不良亟需進行人工復育的工作。
金門地區溼地環境甚多，也是生態上最精緻的部分，許多草本植物僅適生於此種環境中。錦地羅(Drosera burmanni Vahl)、長葉茅膏菜(Drosera indica L.)、長距耳挖草(Utricularia arcemose Wall.)等特殊植物的生長需要完整的溼地，長期經營的角度來看，經由整治草本植物讓出空間來給這些弱小的植物是復育這些食蟲植物的必須手段。
四、主要建議事項
本報告列出30種本地植物之物候現象、種子發芽及繁殖方法，以及其適用範圍等，可即刻進行苗木培育作業，培育出大量原生景觀植物，以供後續環境綠化之用，長期來看應進行非破壞性的棲地整治計畫，提供相當的人為環境，促進各種珍稀植物天然更新發生，區外保育及展示亦是可行之方法。
Abstract
The vegetation of Kinman island was fragmentized for centuries settlement. It is hard to found a well natural regeneration of native plants in the wildland of Kinman except some military controlled restricted mountain area. Right now, plenty of tree species of Taiwan were introduced to Kinman island for greening purpose but it could not merge well to the natural environment. We initiated a vegetation inventory study and attempt to evaluated, basis on growth form, niche type, rarity priority etc, some rare or valuable tree species for island greening usage. Develop a propagation and seedling nursery system for the long term re-habitation purpose.
According to the plants regeneration inventory data, only Wohushan and Taiwushan possessed good natural vegetation coverage. Sand coast and stream side of land mine area could keep intact ground vegetation but the impact of tourism recreation activities are increased after land mine removed. The data shown Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C. B. Rob., Litsea rotundifolia Hemsl. var. oblongifolia (Nees) Allen, Syzygium buxifolium Hook. & Arn. And Celtis biondii Pamp. Perform a good natural regeneration patterns while the Pyrus calleryana Decne., Spiraea blumei G. Don and Rhododendron simsii Planch, were in a poor regeneration pattern which need a re-habitation process.
There are many wetland vegetation area in the island which are unique in the landscape. Some insectivorous species such as Drosera burmanni Vahl, Drosera indica L., Utricularia arcemose Wall. only can survive in these area. It is need a comprehensive desighment to protect those species, the main technique are weeding to keep away from the competition of weeds, and habitat conservation process.
30 native plants are list on plant phenology, habitat discribtion, seed germination methods and propagation techniques for greening and re-habitation usage. For the long term purpose, non-constructive wetland renovated planning or excitu man-made habitat planting area for conservation and exhibition are in the suggestion.
金門地區因數百年來經濟開發，使得植被覆蓋不完整，造成土壤沖蝕嚴重，土地貧瘠，原生植物天然更新不易，原生植群僅見少數管制山區。目前金門地區大力推行綠化工作，但仍沿用相當多種類的台灣常用綠化樹種，似乎不能與本地區原生植群相契合。
二、研究方法及過程
本研究利用金門地區植生普查之資料，透過訪談，依據植物生長型態、習性等特徵，篩選出具綠化價值或稀有花木種類，進行採種及培育方法的研究，以冀將來提供金門地區在繁殖、推廣及稀有植物復育之執行依據。
三、重要發現
根據年度調查的資料來看，目前以五虎山及太武山區仍具有相當良好的岩石植被，其他地區則顯得相當的破碎，河灘及沙灘植群因雷區之阻隔仍相當的完整，但伴隨地雷的清除，沙灘遊憩的利用有逐漸遭受破壞的潛勢。以單一樹種來看，潺槁樹(Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C. B. Rob.)、白背木薑子(Litsea rotundifolia Hemsl. var. oblongifolia (Nees) Allen)、小葉赤楠(Syzygium buxifolium Hook. & Arn.)、沙楠子樹(Celtis biondii Pamp.)等植物天然更新良好；豆梨(Pyrus calleryana Decne.)、繡球繡線菊(Spiraea blumei G. Don)、唐杜鵑(Rhododendron simsii Planch.)等更新不良亟需進行人工復育的工作。
金門地區溼地環境甚多，也是生態上最精緻的部分，許多草本植物僅適生於此種環境中。錦地羅(Drosera burmanni Vahl)、長葉茅膏菜(Drosera indica L.)、長距耳挖草(Utricularia arcemose Wall.)等特殊植物的生長需要完整的溼地，長期經營的角度來看，經由整治草本植物讓出空間來給這些弱小的植物是復育這些食蟲植物的必須手段。
四、主要建議事項
本報告列出30種本地植物之物候現象、種子發芽及繁殖方法，以及其適用範圍等，可即刻進行苗木培育作業，培育出大量原生景觀植物，以供後續環境綠化之用，長期來看應進行非破壞性的棲地整治計畫，提供相當的人為環境，促進各種珍稀植物天然更新發生，區外保育及展示亦是可行之方法。
Abstract
The vegetation of Kinman island was fragmentized for centuries settlement. It is hard to found a well natural regeneration of native plants in the wildland of Kinman except some military controlled restricted mountain area. Right now, plenty of tree species of Taiwan were introduced to Kinman island for greening purpose but it could not merge well to the natural environment. We initiated a vegetation inventory study and attempt to evaluated, basis on growth form, niche type, rarity priority etc, some rare or valuable tree species for island greening usage. Develop a propagation and seedling nursery system for the long term re-habitation purpose.
According to the plants regeneration inventory data, only Wohushan and Taiwushan possessed good natural vegetation coverage. Sand coast and stream side of land mine area could keep intact ground vegetation but the impact of tourism recreation activities are increased after land mine removed. The data shown Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C. B. Rob., Litsea rotundifolia Hemsl. var. oblongifolia (Nees) Allen, Syzygium buxifolium Hook. & Arn. And Celtis biondii Pamp. Perform a good natural regeneration patterns while the Pyrus calleryana Decne., Spiraea blumei G. Don and Rhododendron simsii Planch, were in a poor regeneration pattern which need a re-habitation process.
There are many wetland vegetation area in the island which are unique in the landscape. Some insectivorous species such as Drosera burmanni Vahl, Drosera indica L., Utricularia arcemose Wall. only can survive in these area. It is need a comprehensive desighment to protect those species, the main technique are weeding to keep away from the competition of weeds, and habitat conservation process.
30 native plants are list on plant phenology, habitat discribtion, seed germination methods and propagation techniques for greening and re-habitation usage. For the long term purpose, non-constructive wetland renovated planning or excitu man-made habitat planting area for conservation and exhibition are in the suggestion.