金門國家公園魚類相調查
金門之地理位置在九龍江口，其河川魚種組成，在拓遷入台灣水系之機制上，特殊的台灣北區地理生物學的比較研究領域裡，具有實值的學術意義。另一方面，建立國家公園內之魚類相及其生態現況之最基礎資訊，將對於物種或族群在此島上種化或分化之學術探討上，有進一步之具體貢獻。本報告於民國九十年間，每月進行一次以各種網具及電捕等方法，調查採集全島各地之河川池沼，並記錄水體的基本環境因子。本調查共計有 12 個水系 38 個測站，共採獲淡水及河口魚類 25 科 39 屬 47 種，其中純淡水魚有 8 科 13 屬 13 種。調查結果並與已往的報告文獻做比較，純淡水魚中新記錄了羅漢魚、吳郭魚及斑鱧等三種魚類，其中吳郭魚為目前已廣泛分佈於各水域的外來種，可能威脅到原生魚種的生存。
本報告並新記錄到一種中國地區新記錄種左拉鯔(魚蝦)(註)虎，在台灣已滅絕的大鱗細(魚扁)(註)及屬於保育類的蓋斑鬥魚在本次調查中亦有記錄。上述魚種在金門地區的數量及分佈範圍都頗為侷限，並且有減少的趨勢。因此有必要進行棲地改善或人工復育研究工作的推行，讓金門的原生魚類能夠永續生存下去。
關鍵字：金門、淡水魚、魚種組成、分佈
Abstract
The Kinmen, the small island locating off river mouth of the Ku-lun-jiang basin, Fujian Province; it special locality can be the important geographical area for academic research of biogeographical studies of northern Taiwan. This study is focused on the fish fauna, community and ecological status of the island, and also can provide the research model of speciation problems of fishes between both sides of Formosan Strait.
Here we report the result of field investigation for each month from Jan. to Oct. 2001, based on 12 basins (or lakes, ponds) including 38 field stations. There are 25 families, 39 genera and 47 species of inland water fishes including 8 families, 13 genera and 13 species of primary freshwater fishes. Additional records for primary freshwater fish fauna are including Pseudorasbora parva, Oreochromis sp. and Channa maculata. The introduced species, Oreochromis sp. has already wide-distributed in most basins which has caused serious competition and great impact for the survival of local native fish species. Another important discovery would be the Chinese new recorded goby: Mugilogobius chulae; the extinct cyprind of Taiwan: Rasborinus macrolepis now getting rediscovery; and protective species Macropodus opercularis in the island. All the species above are still limited in distribution range and need serious concern for their conservation. In order to keep the ecology and conservation well, the habitat reconstruction, artifical breeding study would be progress immediately.
Key words: Kinmen, inland water fish, fish composition, distribution
本報告並新記錄到一種中國地區新記錄種左拉鯔(魚蝦)(註)虎，在台灣已滅絕的大鱗細(魚扁)(註)及屬於保育類的蓋斑鬥魚在本次調查中亦有記錄。上述魚種在金門地區的數量及分佈範圍都頗為侷限，並且有減少的趨勢。因此有必要進行棲地改善或人工復育研究工作的推行，讓金門的原生魚類能夠永續生存下去。
關鍵字：金門、淡水魚、魚種組成、分佈
Abstract
The Kinmen, the small island locating off river mouth of the Ku-lun-jiang basin, Fujian Province; it special locality can be the important geographical area for academic research of biogeographical studies of northern Taiwan. This study is focused on the fish fauna, community and ecological status of the island, and also can provide the research model of speciation problems of fishes between both sides of Formosan Strait.
Here we report the result of field investigation for each month from Jan. to Oct. 2001, based on 12 basins (or lakes, ponds) including 38 field stations. There are 25 families, 39 genera and 47 species of inland water fishes including 8 families, 13 genera and 13 species of primary freshwater fishes. Additional records for primary freshwater fish fauna are including Pseudorasbora parva, Oreochromis sp. and Channa maculata. The introduced species, Oreochromis sp. has already wide-distributed in most basins which has caused serious competition and great impact for the survival of local native fish species. Another important discovery would be the Chinese new recorded goby: Mugilogobius chulae; the extinct cyprind of Taiwan: Rasborinus macrolepis now getting rediscovery; and protective species Macropodus opercularis in the island. All the species above are still limited in distribution range and need serious concern for their conservation. In order to keep the ecology and conservation well, the habitat reconstruction, artifical breeding study would be progress immediately.
Key words: Kinmen, inland water fish, fish composition, distribution