金門國家公園土壤調查分析及植生適應性研究
門地區潛在植被單位包括：海濱植群（海生植群、沙灘植群、泥灘植群、海崖植群）、河口濕地（紅樹林、草澤）、平原植群（海岸林、沙灘沼澤濕地、平野濕地、河流、池塘）、山地植群（山凹谷地森林、中坡森林、山頂稜線森林）、山地裸岩植群，不同植被單位各具有其特殊之種類。金門之植被有許多特色，例如乾旱環境種類偏多，多刺植物之數量頗多，具落葉樹、多岩生種類，水、濕生植物種類多，木本植物偏少，且植株較矮，是一個相當特殊的環境，因此造林或行道樹植栽的選擇，需考慮所在區域之特殊性。金門地區之土壤主要分類為極育土（包括厚育暫乾極育土、簡育暫乾極育土）與新成土（包括暫乾砂質新成土、暫乾正常新成土），金門地區的土壤pH值大多為酸性（pH 4.3~6.8）；金門地區之土壤有機質貧乏，不能提供足夠的養份供作物或植物生長，為金門地區作物生長之一大限制因子，造林需佐以大量的有機肥料，從改善土質增加林木之存活率。
關鍵字：金門、植被、土壤相、造林
Abstract
The potential vegetations in Kin-Men include: seashore vegetation (marine vegetation, sandy beach vegetation, muddy beach vegetation, cliff vegetation), estuarine wetland vegetation (mangrove, marsh), plain vegetation (seashore forest, sand wetland, plain wetland, stream, pond), mountain vegetation (valley forest, slop forest, ridge forest), mountain rocky vegetation; different vegetations has their own special species. The vegetations there have many special characteristics. For example there are many kinds of arid species, thorns species, deciduous trees, rocky species and hydrophytes, but there are less woody plants and the height are low. Therefore it is important to consider the special characteristics of the area to choose the species of artificial forest and shade trees. The main soil in Kin-Men is Ultisols (Paleustult and Haplustult) and Entisols （Ustipsamment and Ustorthent）. The pH in most soil is sour (pH4.3~6.8) and the organic material is too less to offer enough nutrient to crop and plant. This is the major limit factor that influences the growth of crops in Kin-Men. Therefore afforestation needs a lot of organic fertilizer to improve the quality of soil then raising the survival rate of plant.
Key words: Kin-men, vegetation, soil characteristics, afforestation
關鍵字：金門、植被、土壤相、造林
Abstract
The potential vegetations in Kin-Men include: seashore vegetation (marine vegetation, sandy beach vegetation, muddy beach vegetation, cliff vegetation), estuarine wetland vegetation (mangrove, marsh), plain vegetation (seashore forest, sand wetland, plain wetland, stream, pond), mountain vegetation (valley forest, slop forest, ridge forest), mountain rocky vegetation; different vegetations has their own special species. The vegetations there have many special characteristics. For example there are many kinds of arid species, thorns species, deciduous trees, rocky species and hydrophytes, but there are less woody plants and the height are low. Therefore it is important to consider the special characteristics of the area to choose the species of artificial forest and shade trees. The main soil in Kin-Men is Ultisols (Paleustult and Haplustult) and Entisols （Ustipsamment and Ustorthent）. The pH in most soil is sour (pH4.3~6.8) and the organic material is too less to offer enough nutrient to crop and plant. This is the major limit factor that influences the growth of crops in Kin-Men. Therefore afforestation needs a lot of organic fertilizer to improve the quality of soil then raising the survival rate of plant.
Key words: Kin-men, vegetation, soil characteristics, afforestation