金門永續發展客觀因素分析建議
本計畫的研究方法，採取質性與量化並重的相輔相成方式來進行。包括文獻探討、參與觀察與面對面訪談以及家戶式的問卷調查，在田野調查的訪談方面，乃於4月 17日到4月20日進行第一梯次的實地訪談作業，又於5月7日到5月10日進行第二梯次的實地訪談作業，受訪人數累計總共有十八位。在問卷調查方面，發放作業自7月28日起至8月2日止，總共發放1200份問卷，回收913份（蔡是民先生部分共回收193份），總回收率約為0.76。扣除漏答與不完整及亂答（例如皆勾選同一答案）者，有效問卷為780份。本研究採叢集抽樣，乃依照各鄉鎮村里聚落的人口比例作為樣本發放數量的比例，與樣本發放的總份數相乘，決定各地區發放份數。
本研究整體量表以及各分量表皆達到0.6以上之水準，顯示本研究使用之量表具有良好的內部一致性，可以從樣本的次數分配特性，有效推論到母群體的相關經驗現象。量化資料分析方法係以SPSS8.0版電腦套裝統計軟體，進行回收問卷的資料處理與分析。
由調查分析研究的成果，發現幾近九成的民眾非常重視金門文化與生態環境的保存與維護，在做好保健醫療的前提下，「觀光立縣與文化金門」的發展定位，以及自然生態保育的重視，與民眾在願景認知態度方面是相當一致的，整體而言，金門居民對於將來的發展，在保留中傾向於樂觀的態度；對於在金門發展的世代傳承，也有相當高的認同意識；根據居民對金門發展的定位態度，對金門邁向永續發展，有正面支持的助益。
根據研究成果所提出的重要建議，在政府方面必須先確認發展觀光的目的，與可利用資源做有效的配合。發展觀光的目的必須要能達到三生（生產、生活、生態）的平衡，不能只注重在生產面的進步與改善。在文化維護技術的專業人才之培育方面，可以結合當地大專院校，增設相關科系，對於人才的培育有長遠的規劃。環保單位應當提升防污的技術水準，改善環境品質。可以將聚落的文化資源加以博物館化的經營管理，使靜態的文化觀賞與動態的活動參與適當整合。金門地區旅遊發展的模式可以依循小而美的觀光旅行型態，朝向永續性的良性發展。
民間社團應當在永續發展根本價值觀的基礎上，引導執行該社團的相關目的事業。民間社團應以本身的專業能力，協助政府、企業朝向永續發展的方向邁進，民間社團所扮演的角色不應該只是政府的協助者，同時也必須扮演監督者的角色。國家公園應妥善利用整合性傳播行銷的策略，讓民眾了解國家公園的貢獻，減緩並去除民眾參與的障礙，並改善與民眾的互動溝通效果，同時也當改善所舉辦的活動大多偏向靜態、動態的較少的情形，以及文化維護相關專業管理人力不足的問題。在”讓金門有美好的未來”當中，醫療保健被視為最重要。金門島嶼的脆弱性與依賴性，凸顯出對安全與健康的需求，而醫療資源的不足與改善，則是金門邁向永續發展，居民認為最迫切而必須重視的問題。
關鍵字：金門、地方社會、永續發展
Abstract
The methodology of this project equally emphasize quality and quantity research. Including literature review、participant observation、face to face interview and household questionnaire survey. The first field observation was conducted within 17/Apr to 20/Apr, and followed by the second similar study by 7/May to 10/May. In both attempt - a total of 18 interviewees was participant. As regarding to Surveying, 1,200 pieces of questionnaires were sent out between 28/Jul to 2/ Aug with the return rate of 76%, or 913 pieces( in which Mr. Shih-Ming Tsai collected 193 pieces). After eliminating inappropriate questionnaires such as those with miss-out, or purposely-false feedback (e.g. with only one answer for every question), a remain of 780 pieces were effective. By Cluster Sampling of population proportion of every town, and dwelling clusters, the survey questionnaires were determined by the rate of each villages and towns’ population of all county’s population.
The total scale and each stratified scale of this research, the alpha coefficient achieved 0.6 and above, which indicating that scales employed by this research are highly internal-consistency that lead effective inference of population’s related experience through samples’ distributive pattern. Quantified data analysis is completed by SPSS8.0 off-shelf PC software to process and recycle the questionnaires data and analysis.
The county of Kinmen is a local society consisted with different small islands. The characteristics of these islands are influenced by their own natural ecology and humanistic cultural environment. The habitant of these islands is constantly facing the problems of its limited resources and different developmental changes. So the sustainable development should be the solution for Kinmen to stand-alone during all the changes.
The methodology of this project is using both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The Analysis of this project is based on literature reviews, participated observations, face-to- face interviews and questionnaires. And the attitudes of the people toward the sustainable development for the local society from different aspects such as politics, culture, economics and technology are also taken into considerations.
The results show that 90% of the people think that the culture and the natural ecology are the most important things to be protected and reserved. Besides the above, the medical care is considered to be the priority for further development in tourism. In general, the people of Kinmen has preservative but optimistic attitudes toward the sustainable development in Kinmen.
The result of this research also brings out an important issue that the Government has to integrate the purpose of tourism with the local resources; the productivity, the life and the ecology have to be balanced. The local universities and colleges can provide relative courses to generate future professionals for the development. By “museumize” the resources from local village culture, the passive cultural appreciation could be developed in to different activities to promote the tourism.
The associations in the community can also play an important role in sustainable development by execute their professional skill. The National park for example, could be the start to communicate and educate the people to participate in activities. At last, establish a medical care system which provide the people with sufficient medical resources and health securities should be the first step for Kinmen’s sustainable development.
Key words: Kinmen, local society, sustainable development
本研究整體量表以及各分量表皆達到0.6以上之水準，顯示本研究使用之量表具有良好的內部一致性，可以從樣本的次數分配特性，有效推論到母群體的相關經驗現象。量化資料分析方法係以SPSS8.0版電腦套裝統計軟體，進行回收問卷的資料處理與分析。
由調查分析研究的成果，發現幾近九成的民眾非常重視金門文化與生態環境的保存與維護，在做好保健醫療的前提下，「觀光立縣與文化金門」的發展定位，以及自然生態保育的重視，與民眾在願景認知態度方面是相當一致的，整體而言，金門居民對於將來的發展，在保留中傾向於樂觀的態度；對於在金門發展的世代傳承，也有相當高的認同意識；根據居民對金門發展的定位態度，對金門邁向永續發展，有正面支持的助益。
根據研究成果所提出的重要建議，在政府方面必須先確認發展觀光的目的，與可利用資源做有效的配合。發展觀光的目的必須要能達到三生（生產、生活、生態）的平衡，不能只注重在生產面的進步與改善。在文化維護技術的專業人才之培育方面，可以結合當地大專院校，增設相關科系，對於人才的培育有長遠的規劃。環保單位應當提升防污的技術水準，改善環境品質。可以將聚落的文化資源加以博物館化的經營管理，使靜態的文化觀賞與動態的活動參與適當整合。金門地區旅遊發展的模式可以依循小而美的觀光旅行型態，朝向永續性的良性發展。
民間社團應當在永續發展根本價值觀的基礎上，引導執行該社團的相關目的事業。民間社團應以本身的專業能力，協助政府、企業朝向永續發展的方向邁進，民間社團所扮演的角色不應該只是政府的協助者，同時也必須扮演監督者的角色。國家公園應妥善利用整合性傳播行銷的策略，讓民眾了解國家公園的貢獻，減緩並去除民眾參與的障礙，並改善與民眾的互動溝通效果，同時也當改善所舉辦的活動大多偏向靜態、動態的較少的情形，以及文化維護相關專業管理人力不足的問題。在”讓金門有美好的未來”當中，醫療保健被視為最重要。金門島嶼的脆弱性與依賴性，凸顯出對安全與健康的需求，而醫療資源的不足與改善，則是金門邁向永續發展，居民認為最迫切而必須重視的問題。
關鍵字：金門、地方社會、永續發展
Abstract
The methodology of this project equally emphasize quality and quantity research. Including literature review、participant observation、face to face interview and household questionnaire survey. The first field observation was conducted within 17/Apr to 20/Apr, and followed by the second similar study by 7/May to 10/May. In both attempt - a total of 18 interviewees was participant. As regarding to Surveying, 1,200 pieces of questionnaires were sent out between 28/Jul to 2/ Aug with the return rate of 76%, or 913 pieces( in which Mr. Shih-Ming Tsai collected 193 pieces). After eliminating inappropriate questionnaires such as those with miss-out, or purposely-false feedback (e.g. with only one answer for every question), a remain of 780 pieces were effective. By Cluster Sampling of population proportion of every town, and dwelling clusters, the survey questionnaires were determined by the rate of each villages and towns’ population of all county’s population.
The total scale and each stratified scale of this research, the alpha coefficient achieved 0.6 and above, which indicating that scales employed by this research are highly internal-consistency that lead effective inference of population’s related experience through samples’ distributive pattern. Quantified data analysis is completed by SPSS8.0 off-shelf PC software to process and recycle the questionnaires data and analysis.
The county of Kinmen is a local society consisted with different small islands. The characteristics of these islands are influenced by their own natural ecology and humanistic cultural environment. The habitant of these islands is constantly facing the problems of its limited resources and different developmental changes. So the sustainable development should be the solution for Kinmen to stand-alone during all the changes.
The methodology of this project is using both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The Analysis of this project is based on literature reviews, participated observations, face-to- face interviews and questionnaires. And the attitudes of the people toward the sustainable development for the local society from different aspects such as politics, culture, economics and technology are also taken into considerations.
The results show that 90% of the people think that the culture and the natural ecology are the most important things to be protected and reserved. Besides the above, the medical care is considered to be the priority for further development in tourism. In general, the people of Kinmen has preservative but optimistic attitudes toward the sustainable development in Kinmen.
The result of this research also brings out an important issue that the Government has to integrate the purpose of tourism with the local resources; the productivity, the life and the ecology have to be balanced. The local universities and colleges can provide relative courses to generate future professionals for the development. By “museumize” the resources from local village culture, the passive cultural appreciation could be developed in to different activities to promote the tourism.
The associations in the community can also play an important role in sustainable development by execute their professional skill. The National park for example, could be the start to communicate and educate the people to participate in activities. At last, establish a medical care system which provide the people with sufficient medical resources and health securities should be the first step for Kinmen’s sustainable development.
Key words: Kinmen, local society, sustainable development